Cheap flights from Bogotá (BOG) to Panama City (ECP) from $362

This is the cheapest one-way flight price found by a Cheapflights user in the last 72 hours by searching for a flight departing on 10/31. Fares are subject to change and may not be available on all flights or dates of travel. Click the price to replicate the search for this deal.
BOG — ECP
Jun 2 — Jun 91

Cheap flight deals from Bogotá to Panama City

Discover tips and strategies to find the most affordable flight options for your journey from Bogotá (BOG) to Panama City (ECP). Learn about various techniques such as flexible date searches, comparing prices across and setting up price alerts. Use these methods to find the cheapest flights available for your travel needs. Data last updated May 28, 2024.

Popular in

December

Cheapest in

January

Average price

$645

Round-trip from

$331
High demand for flights, 15% potential price rise
Best time to find cheap flights, 32% potential price drop
Average for round-trip flights in May 2024
From Bogotá El Dorado to Panama City NW Florida Beaches

What is the cheapest month to fly from Bogotá to Panama City, Florida?

Our data shows that January tends to be the cheapest month to fly to Panama City, Florida from Bogotá. Users have commonly found prices around $650 for the month, but tickets can be as low as $414. Due to multiple factors, prepare for potentially higher prices in December.

When is the cheapest time to fly from Bogotá to Panama City, Florida (BOG - ECP)?

When flying from Bogotá to Panama City, Florida, the time of day you decide to fly out makes little to no difference towards the overall price you’ll pay on tickets.

Cheap Delta flights from Bogotá to Panama City

Explore cheap flight options specifically provided by Delta for the route between Bogotá and Panama City. Find affordable fares and compare prices with other airlines to secure the best deal for your journey. Over the last 7 days, Cheapflights users made 2,696,634 searches. Data last updated May 28, 2024.
Peruse some of the lowest-priced Delta flights we've found from Bogotá to Panama City. Make sure to check back often as deals are often changing.
Wed 7/242:50 pmBOG - ECP
1 stop17h 35mDelta
Mon 8/56:00 amECP - BOG
1 stop13h 24mDelta
Deal found 5/28$409
Wed 7/247:00 amBOG - ECP
2 stops16h 07mDelta
Mon 8/57:36 pmECP - BOG
2 stops21h 04mDelta
Deal found 5/28$447
Fri 8/1610:15 amBOG - ECP
2 stops13h 18mDelta
Mon 8/199:15 amECP - BOG
2 stops10h 55mDelta
Deal found 5/27$455
Fri 8/1610:15 amBOG - ECP
2 stops22h 10mDelta
Mon 8/196:00 amECP - BOG
1 stop13h 24mDelta
Deal found 5/27$510
Thu 7/2511:00 amBOG - ECP
2 stops23h 25mDelta
Thu 8/17:36 pmECP - BOG
2 stops20h 41mDelta
Deal found 5/28$524
Thu 7/252:48 pmBOG - ECP
1 stop17h 37mDelta
Thu 8/17:01 amECP - BOG
1 stop12h 23mDelta
Deal found 5/28$551
Thu 5/3011:00 amBOG - ECP
2 stops11h 59mDelta
Tue 6/47:36 pmECP - BOG
2 stops23h 09mDelta
Deal found 5/28$715
Mon 6/175:10 amBOG - ECP
2 stops18h 09mDelta
Thu 6/206:00 amECP - BOG
1 stop7h 40mDelta
Deal found 5/27$765
Mon 6/1711:00 amBOG - ECP
2 stops23h 22mDelta
Thu 6/2011:27 amECP - BOG
1 stop7h 57mDelta
Deal found 5/27$766

Cheap American Airlines flights from Bogotá to Panama City

Explore cheap flight options specifically provided by American Airlines for the route between Bogotá and Panama City. Find affordable fares and compare prices with other airlines to secure the best deal for your journey. Over the last 7 days, Cheapflights users made 2,696,634 searches. Data last updated May 28, 2024.
To aid your search, here are some of the cheapest American Airlines flights we've found from Bogotá to Panama City. Deals frequently update to provide users with more options.
Fri 7/262:10 pmBOG - ECP
2 stops19h 37mAmerican Airlines
Fri 8/26:31 pmECP - BOG
2 stops18h 34mAmerican Airlines
Deal found 5/28$464
Fri 7/262:10 pmBOG - ECP
2 stops19h 37mAmerican Airlines
Fri 8/27:12 pmECP - BOG
1 stop27h 18mAmerican Airlines
Deal found 5/28$562
Tue 7/2312:30 amBOG - ECP
2 stops11h 49mAmerican Airlines
Mon 8/52:41 pmECP - BOG
2 stops22h 24mAmerican Airlines
Deal found 5/28$578
Thu 7/2512:30 amBOG - ECP
2 stops17h 31mAmerican Airlines
Fri 8/26:31 pmECP - BOG
2 stops18h 34mAmerican Airlines
Deal found 5/28$590
Wed 7/2412:30 amBOG - ECP
2 stops14h 27mAmerican Airlines
Thu 8/16:31 pmECP - BOG
2 stops18h 34mAmerican Airlines
Deal found 5/28$595
Tue 7/2312:30 amBOG - ECP
2 stops11h 49mAmerican Airlines
Mon 8/57:00 amECP - BOG
1 stop15h 30mAmerican Airlines
Deal found 5/28$618
Wed 7/2412:30 amBOG - ECP
2 stops14h 27mAmerican Airlines
Thu 8/17:00 amECP - BOG
1 stop15h 30mAmerican Airlines
Deal found 5/28$647
Thu 7/2512:30 amBOG - ECP
2 stops17h 31mAmerican Airlines
Fri 8/27:12 pmECP - BOG
1 stop27h 18mAmerican Airlines
Deal found 5/28$688
Fri 7/2611:15 pmBOG - ECP
1 stop22h 06mAmerican Airlines
Fri 8/27:12 pmECP - BOG
1 stop27h 18mAmerican Airlines
Deal found 5/28$695

Cheap Bogotá to Panama City flights in May & June 2024

Find cheap flight options from Bogotá to Panama City specifically for the months of May and June 2024. Explore affordable fares based on user searches. Over the last 7 days, Cheapflights users made 2,696,634 searches. Prices were last updated on May 28, 2024.
The lowest fares we've come across on flights traveling from Bogotá to Panama City in May and June 2024. If these deals don't appeal to you, be sure to come back soon for more options.
Thu 5/3011:00 amBOG - ECP
2 stops11h 59mDelta
Tue 6/47:36 pmECP - BOG
2 stops23h 09mDelta
Deal found 5/28$715
Sun 6/212:14 amBOG - ECP
2 stops37h 07mUnited Airlines
Mon 8/55:12 pmECP - BOG
1 stop28h 28mUnited Airlines
Deal found 5/27$719
Mon 6/175:10 amBOG - ECP
2 stops18h 09mDelta
Thu 6/206:00 amECP - BOG
1 stop7h 40mDelta
Deal found 5/27$765
Mon 6/1711:00 amBOG - ECP
2 stops23h 22mDelta
Thu 6/2011:27 amECP - BOG
1 stop7h 57mDelta
Deal found 5/27$766
Sun 6/212:14 amBOG - ECP
1 stop9h 36mUnited Airlines
Wed 7/32:05 pmECP - BOG
2 stops31h 55mUnited Airlines
Deal found 5/27$785
Sun 6/212:14 amBOG - ECP
2 stops37h 07mUnited Airlines
Mon 8/52:05 pmECP - BOG
2 stops31h 35mUnited Airlines
Deal found 5/27$800
Mon 6/1711:00 amBOG - ECP
2 stops12h 19mDelta
Thu 6/207:05 amECP - BOG
2 stops13h 10mDelta
Deal found 5/27$807
Mon 6/177:20 amBOG - ECP
1 stop8h 57mUnited Airlines
Thu 6/201:10 pmECP - BOG
1 stop15h 34mUnited Airlines
Deal found 5/27$827
Tue 5/286:35 pmBOG - ECP
2 stops28h 24mDelta
Thu 7/42:27 pmECP - BOG
2 stops20h 58mDelta
Deal found 5/28$1,090

Bogotá to Panama City 2024 flight deals

Discover exclusive flight deals for travel between Bogotá and Panama City in 2024. Find excellent offers based on user searches. Over the last 7 days, Cheapflights users made 2,696,634 searches. Data last updated May 28, 2024.
The lowest fares we've come across on flights traveling from Bogotá to Panama City in May and June 2024. If these deals don't appeal to you, be sure to come back soon for more options.
Wed 7/247:00 amBOG - ECP
2 stops16h 07mDelta
Mon 8/56:00 amECP - BOG
1 stop13h 24mDelta
Deal found 5/28$409
Wed 7/247:00 amBOG - ECP
2 stops16h 07mDelta
Mon 8/57:36 pmECP - BOG
2 stops21h 04mDelta
Deal found 5/28$447
Fri 8/1610:15 amBOG - ECP
2 stops13h 18mDelta
Mon 8/199:15 amECP - BOG
2 stops10h 55mDelta
Deal found 5/27$455
Fri 7/262:10 pmBOG - ECP
2 stops19h 37mAmerican Airlines
Fri 8/26:31 pmECP - BOG
2 stops18h 34mAmerican Airlines
Deal found 5/28$464
Fri 8/1610:15 amBOG - ECP
2 stops22h 10mDelta
Mon 8/196:00 amECP - BOG
1 stop13h 24mDelta
Deal found 5/27$510
Thu 7/2511:00 amBOG - ECP
2 stops23h 25mDelta
Thu 8/17:36 pmECP - BOG
2 stops20h 41mDelta
Deal found 5/28$524
Thu 7/252:48 pmBOG - ECP
1 stop17h 37mDelta
Thu 8/17:01 amECP - BOG
1 stop12h 23mDelta
Deal found 5/28$551
Fri 7/262:10 pmBOG - ECP
2 stops19h 37mAmerican Airlines
Fri 8/27:12 pmECP - BOG
1 stop27h 18mAmerican Airlines
Deal found 5/28$562
Tue 7/2312:30 amBOG - ECP
2 stops11h 49mAmerican Airlines
Mon 8/52:41 pmECP - BOG
2 stops22h 24mAmerican Airlines
Deal found 5/28$578

Bogotá to Panama City flights leaving soon

Find last-minute flight options from Bogotá to Panama City for spontaneous travel. Discover available flights and compare prices based on user searches. Secure great deals and offers for spontaneous trips with quick booking options. Over the last 7 days, Cheapflights users made 2,696,634 searches. Data last updated May 28, 2024.
Have a look at some of the flights available from Bogotá to Panama City departing last-minute. Tip: verify your flight details before completing your reservation.
Thu 5/3011:00 amBOG - ECP
2 stops11h 59mDelta
Tue 6/47:36 pmECP - BOG
2 stops23h 09mDelta
Deal found 5/28$715
Sun 6/212:14 amBOG - ECP
2 stops37h 07mUnited Airlines
Mon 8/55:12 pmECP - BOG
1 stop28h 28mUnited Airlines
Deal found 5/27$719
Sun 6/212:14 amBOG - ECP
1 stop9h 36mUnited Airlines
Wed 7/32:05 pmECP - BOG
2 stops31h 55mUnited Airlines
Deal found 5/27$785
Sun 6/212:14 amBOG - ECP
2 stops37h 07mUnited Airlines
Mon 8/52:05 pmECP - BOG
2 stops31h 35mUnited Airlines
Deal found 5/27$800
Mon 6/311:15 pmBOG - ECP
1 stop17h 50mAmerican Airlines
Wed 7/37:08 pmECP - BOG
1 stop27h 19mAmerican Airlines
Deal found 5/27$1,182
Wed 5/2912:14 amBOG - ECP
1 stop16h 03mUnited Airlines
Tue 6/45:05 pmECP - BOG
1 stop11h 39mUnited Airlines
Deal found 5/28$1,223
Wed 5/2912:14 amBOG - ECP
1 stop16h 03mUnited Airlines
Tue 6/42:10 pmECP - BOG
2 stops14h 34mUnited Airlines
Deal found 5/28$1,227
Wed 5/2912:30 amBOG - ECP
2 stops13h 30mAmerican Airlines
Tue 6/410:04 amECP - BOG
2 stops11h 21mAmerican Airlines
Deal found 5/28$1,286
Sun 6/212:14 amBOG - ECP
1 stop9h 36mUnited Airlines
Wed 7/31:10 pmECP - BOG
1 stop8h 30mUnited Airlines
Deal found 5/27$1,335

One-way flights to Panama City from Bogotá

Search for one-way flight options from Bogotá to Panama City. Find affordable one-way fares based on user searches. Compare prices and availability to plan your one-way journey according to your preferred dates and budget. Over the last 7 days, Cheapflights users made 2,696,634 searches. Data last updated May 28, 2024.
If you're seeking multiple options on one-way flights from Bogotá to Panama City, be sure to check out these deals, which are updated often. Those seeking round-trip flights from Bogotá to Panama City should utilize the search form at the the top of the page.
Thu 10/3112:10 amBOG - ECP
2 stops16h 53mAmerican Airlines
Deal found 5/28$362
Sun 7/282:10 pmBOG - ECP
2 stops20h 11mAmerican Airlines
Deal found 5/27$368
Fri 11/13:25 pmBOG - ECP
2 stops22h 43mAmerican Airlines
Deal found 5/28$369
Sun 7/2811:15 pmBOG - ECP
1 stop22h 06mAmerican Airlines
Deal found 5/27$380
Fri 11/12:55 pmBOG - ECP
1 stop21h 30mDelta
Deal found 5/28$398
Thu 10/311:30 amBOG - ECP
1 stop20h 21mUnited Airlines
Deal found 5/28$411
Sat 7/2712:30 amBOG - ECP
2 stops14h 27mAmerican Airlines
Deal found 5/27$429
Sat 7/2712:14 amBOG - ECP
1 stop19h 53mUnited Airlines
Deal found 5/27$463
Thu 6/202:48 pmBOG - ECP
1 stop19h 34mDelta
Deal found 5/28$539

Find flights from Bogotá to Panama City within your budget

Customize your flight search to find flights from Bogotá to Panama City that fit within your specific budget. Explore options based on user searches and filter the results based on your desired price range. Find flights that match your budget for a cost-effective journey. Over the last 7 days, Cheapflights users made 2,696,634 searches. Data last updated May 28, 2024.

Fly from

Any airport

Fly to

Any airport

Budget

$409 - $589

Route

Depart

Return

Price

Bogotá El DoradoPanama City NW Florida Beaches

BOG - ECP

BOGECP

Bogotá El Dorado

Wed 7/24

1 stop17h 35m

Panama City NW Florida Beaches

Mon 8/5

1 stop13h 24m

$409

Bogotá El DoradoPanama City NW Florida Beaches

BOG - ECP

BOGECP

Bogotá El Dorado

Wed 7/24

2 stops16h 07m

Panama City NW Florida Beaches

Mon 8/5

2 stops21h 04m

$447

Bogotá El DoradoPanama City NW Florida Beaches

BOG - ECP

BOGECP

Bogotá El Dorado

Fri 8/16

2 stops13h 18m

Panama City NW Florida Beaches

Mon 8/19

2 stops10h 55m

$455

Bogotá El DoradoPanama City NW Florida Beaches

BOG - ECP

BOGECP

Bogotá El Dorado

Fri 7/26

2 stops19h 37m

Panama City NW Florida Beaches

Fri 8/2

2 stops18h 34m

$464

Bogotá El DoradoPanama City NW Florida Beaches

BOG - ECP

BOGECP

Bogotá El Dorado

Fri 8/16

2 stops22h 10m

Panama City NW Florida Beaches

Mon 8/19

1 stop13h 24m

$510

Bogotá El DoradoPanama City NW Florida Beaches

BOG - ECP

BOGECP

Bogotá El Dorado

Fri 7/26

2 stops19h 37m

Panama City NW Florida Beaches

Fri 8/2

1 stop27h 18m

$562

Bogotá El DoradoPanama City NW Florida Beaches

BOG - ECP

BOGECP

Bogotá El Dorado

Tue 7/23

2 stops11h 49m

Panama City NW Florida Beaches

Mon 8/5

2 stops22h 24m

$578

Bogotá El DoradoPanama City NW Florida Beaches

BOG - ECP

BOGECP

Bogotá El Dorado

Fri 8/16

1 stop12h 47m

Panama City NW Florida Beaches

Mon 8/19

1 stop8h 40m

$582

Bogotá El DoradoPanama City NW Florida Beaches

BOG - ECP

BOGECP

Bogotá El Dorado

Thu 8/15

1 stop19h 53m

Panama City NW Florida Beaches

Mon 8/19

2 stops14h 27m

$589

Flights are sorted by cheapest first

Deals found on 5/28

No data available for this route at this time. Please check back soon.

Best time to book a flight from Bogotá to Panama City

Have a flexible travel schedule? Discover the best time to fly to Panama City from Bogotá with our price prediction graph.
Estimated round-trip price
Rates are based on past data. Find the cheapest month and day to book your flight based on your travel requirements, then search for cheap deals.

Temperature and rainfall in Panama City by month

Plan your trip to Panama City by taking into account the average temperature and rainfall totals by month.

ECP

Temperature

53.6 - 80.6 °F

Reviews of airlines servicing Panama City

Get insights into the airlines that provide service to Panama City. Read reviews, discover amenities, and learn about the overall travel experience offered by airlines. Use this information to make informed decisions when choosing an airline for your flight to Panama City. Reviews last updated May 28, 2024.
See what other customers who have flown with Delta, American Airlines and United Airlines from Bogotá to Panama City have to say. Reviews also offer insight into each airline's entertainment options, comfort, food, crew/service, and boarding process.
8.0
Very good
10,476 reviews

Entertainment

8.0

Boarding

8.2

Comfort

7.9

Crew

8.6

Food

7.4

Overall

8.0

Reviews

1 / 10

When I was going to board, one of the staff members told me that I could not board with my passport bag because it was tree items and I would need to check a bag. This was so stupid ! The bag was small. So I had to put my things in my pockets, put the funny bag inside the other bag. Then go throw it. Then in the plane put everything back again in my funny bag.

8.0
Very good
10,476 reviews
8.0
Very good
10,476 reviews

Entertainment

8.0

Boarding

8.2

Comfort

7.9

Crew

8.6

Food

7.4

Overall

8.0

Reviews

1 / 10

When I was going to board, one of the staff members told me that I could not board with my passport bag because it was tree items and I would need to check a bag. This was so stupid ! The bag was small. So I had to put my things in my pockets, put the funny bag inside the other bag. Then go throw it. Then in the plane put everything back again in my funny bag.

7.4
Good
10,799 reviews
8.0
Very good
10,476 reviews

Entertainment

8.0

Boarding

8.2

Comfort

7.9

Crew

8.6

Food

7.4

Overall

8.0

Reviews

1 / 10

When I was going to board, one of the staff members told me that I could not board with my passport bag because it was tree items and I would need to check a bag. This was so stupid ! The bag was small. So I had to put my things in my pockets, put the funny bag inside the other bag. Then go throw it. Then in the plane put everything back again in my funny bag.

7.3
Good
14,316 reviews
8.0
Very good
10,476 reviews

Entertainment

8.0

Boarding

8.2

Comfort

7.9

Crew

8.6

Food

7.4

Overall

8.0

Reviews

1 / 10

When I was going to board, one of the staff members told me that I could not board with my passport bag because it was tree items and I would need to check a bag. This was so stupid ! The bag was small. So I had to put my things in my pockets, put the funny bag inside the other bag. Then go throw it. Then in the plane put everything back again in my funny bag.

Related info for your journey

Find useful and relevant information for your journey from Bogotá to Panama City. Access travel guides, tips, and recommendations to enhance your travel experience. Get information about local attractions, weather, transportation options, and more.
  • Can I find flights from Bogotá to Panama City, Florida for under $500 on Cheapflights?

    Yes, there are multiple flights from Bogotá to Panama City, Florida for under $500. The cheapest flight booked recently is on Delta for just $409, but on average you can expect to pay $579.

  • Are there last-minute flights available from Bogotá to Panama City, Florida for under $800?

    There are currently 9+ open flights from Bogotá to Panama City, Florida within the next 7 days for less than $800.

  • What are the cheapest airlines flying from Bogotá to Panama City, Florida round-trip?

    Delta, at $409, was found to be the cheapest airline from Bogotá to Panama City, Florida.Alternate airlines to your destination round-trip include American Airlines and United Airlines. Delta is 37% cheaper than the average price of flights available within the next 90 days to this destination.

  • What are the cheapest airlines to fly from Bogotá to Panama City, Florida one-way?

    $362 is the cheapest one-way deal found within the past few days, from American Airlines. You may also be able to find cheap deals on Delta and United Airlines, with prices starting from $398 and $411, respectively.

  • What does BOG to ECP mean?

    This is defined as Bogotá El Dorado Airport (BOG) and Panama City NW Florida Beaches Airport (ECP). Codes like Panama City NW Florida Beaches Airport are often used to just call airports uniquely.

  • Can I find deals for flights from Bogotá to Panama City that include extra baggage allowance?

    The amount of baggage you can bring on your Bogotá to Panama City flight depends on the airline and the type of fare you've chosen. After entering your flight details, you'll be able to view the specific baggage policies for each deal in the search results. Keep in mind that certain deals may offer additional baggage allowance.

  • Can I find deals on flights from Bogotá to Panama City with specific airlines?

    Yes, Cheapflights allows you to browse and filter Bogotá to Panama City flight deals by airline. After entering your origin and destination, use the available filters to view flights offered by airlines.

  • Can I find deals for flights from Bogotá to Panama City that include hotel bookings?

    Yes. In addition to deals on Bogotá to Panama City flights, Cheapflights offers vacation packages that include both flights and hotel.

  • How can I find direct flights from Bogotá to Panama City?

    After entering your origin and destination, apply the non-stop filter on the search result page to find direct flights from Bogotá to Panama City.

  • Can I find deals for business class flights from Bogotá to Panama City?

    Yes. Cheapflights offers flight deals from Bogotá to Panama City by cabin class. In addition to browsing deals, you can also filter by cabin class on the search results page after making a search.

  • Can I find deals for flights from Bogotá to Panama City that allow pets onboard?

    Many airlines flying from Bogotá to Panama City offer the option to travel with pets. After selecting a flight deal, you can find more information about the airline's pet policy on their official website or by contacting the airline directly. Please note that additional fees and restrictions may apply.

  • Can I find deals on last-minute flights from Bogotá to Panama City?

    Yes, you can often find last-minute deals on Bogotá to Panama City flights on Cheapflights. However, these deals can vary and may not always be available. We recommend checking back frequently or signing up for price alerts for the most up-to-date deals.

  • How recently were the Bogotá to Panama City, Florida flight deals updated?

    The Bogotá to Panama City, Florida flight deals you see on this page were last updated on 5/28.

  • When is the best time to book a flight from Bogotá to Panama City, Florida?

    Currently, January is the cheapest month in which you can book a flight from Bogotá to Panama City, Florida (average of $331). Flying from Bogotá to Panama City, Florida in April is currently the most expensive (average of $423). There are several factors that can impact the price of a flight, so comparing airlines, departure airports and flight times can provide users with more options.

See more FAQs

Browse thousands of different options on Cheapflights for your next trip

Toggle through the tabs below to find thousands of options on Cheapflights for your next trip.

Alternative routes for Bogotá to Panama City
See prices for flight routes from nearby airports that may be better suited for you.

Search flights from Bogotá to Panama City by cabin class

Find flights from Bogotá to Panama City, based on your preferred cabin class, be it economy, premium economy, business, or first class.

Fly with Cheapflights

Find the best flight deals on Cheapflights, where travelers can enjoy low prices and a wide availability of flights to their desired destinations.

How does Cheapflights help users find flights from Bogotá to Panama City?

Cheapflights helps you search for flights from Bogotá to Panama City via 900+ travel sites so you don’t have to. After performing a flight search, users can also filter their flight selection by filtering for price, number of stops, airlines, and so on.

Why should you use Cheapflights to find cheap flight tickets from Bogotá to Panama City?

Cheapflights helps you find that perfect flight to Panama City from Bogotá by searching from hundreds of airlines and agencies you know and love. We are also free to use, in case you were wondering!

Can Cheapflights find flights from Bogotá to Panama City with no change fees?

Cheapflights does show flights with no change fees to all users. To see these options for flights from Bogotá to Panama City, users can toggle the no change fees filter when performing a flight search.

Can Cheapflights notify me if prices for flights from Bogotá to Panama City become cheaper?

Yes, and it’s super simple to set up. Click the bell icon next to the flight deals above and provide a valid email address to enable Price Alerts. That’s it!

100% Free
Cheapflights is completely free to use, so you can start saving the moment you arrive.
Book with Flexibility
Our users can plan ahead with confidence and find flights with no change fees
Travel Smart
Millions of people come to us for their flight needs every year. We help make travel planning easy by providing useful insights and data-driven graphs that can inform your decisions.